Change: of children. Edwards and Beckman (2008) suggest that even in cross-sectional studies where "narrow" transcription of recordings is done, transcription should be supplemented by experiments eliciting   View changes from previous version. (Word count: 10691)

Change: (potentially continuous) perceptual responses from phonetically untrained native speaker/listeners. All of these researchers remind us that tokenization and paradigmatic differentiation at the level of vowels and   View changes from previous version. (Word count: 10685)

Change: Hewlett and Waters (2004) make a similar point, suggesting that the problem is confounded in most large-scale cross-sectional norming studies, in which fairly "broad" transcription is used in on-the-fly transcription, in order to be able to collect data from a large number children. Edwards and Beckman (2008) suggest that even   View changes from previous version. (Word count: 10679)

Change: 2000), and, to the extent that the Penn Treebank annotation is consistently applied, it can be programmatically converted to alternative formats.2000).In fact, it is unrealistic to expect a great deal of standardization of the   View changes from previous version. (Word count: 10522)

Change: PhoneticsPhonetic Association. For example, Henry Sweet's A handbook of phonetics, published in 1877, includes vowel and consonant tables that are organized in terms of the same dimensions of analysis   View changes from previous version. (Word count: 10478)

Change: nodes within an annotation stream that has a reasonably fine-grained tokenization?UseabilityIs there good (accessible and extensible) documentation? Is there a suitably diverse and continuous community for teaching (and testing the ability of) new annotators / users?Are there good tools for annotating   View changes from previous version. (Word count: 10478)

Change: conventionalized practices among a growing community. The ideal situation (projected solution) is one where sign language linguists, whether collaborating in an international workshop setting or via remote communications,   View changes from previous version. (Word count: 10466)

Change: complimentcomplement the primary data record as a way of tagging and searching the data. And the goals of a unified sign language annotation standard are to provide a shared platform of convention for collaborating across the various linguistic domains. 4.4.2. What a unified standard providesFor all   View changes from previous version. (Word count: 10464)

Change: section we described how phonological and phonetic annotation is easier for broad class distinctions at the leaf nodes of the prosodic hierarchy, where tokenization is   View changes from previous version. (Word count: 10456)

Change: and paradigmatic differentiation at the level of vowels and consonants is a product of the interaction of the natural constraints from the aerodynamics with the exigencies of   View changes from previous version. (Word count: 10337)